FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LOS CENTROS DE ORIENTACIÓN Y ASESORAMIENTO EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: UNA ENCUESTA DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE GHANA

FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LOS CENTROS DE ORIENTACIÓN Y ASESORAMIENTO EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: UNA ENCUESTA DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE GHANA

Functioning of guidance and counselling centres in higher education: A survey of the public universities in Ghana

Gabriel Amponsah Adu, Sujata Srivastava
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32351/rca.v10.393

Resumen

Este estudio examinó el funcionamiento de los centros de orientación y asesoramiento en las universidades públicas de Ghana, centrándose en los servicios prestados a estudiantes y profesorado. Se empleó un diseño de encuesta descriptiva. Se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado para agrupar las 15 universidades públicas en tres zonas. Se empleó el método de lotería para seleccionar las universidades de cada zona. Todos los consejeros (42) de las universidades seleccionadas conforman la muestra. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario de 57 preguntas, que abarcaba orientación vocacional, educativa y sociopersonal, uso del tiempo, herramientas de asesoramiento, asesoramiento en línea y prácticas de mantenimiento de registros. Los principales hallazgos revelaron que los consejeros proporcionaron un apoyo integral, incluyendo orientación vocacional sobre habilidades profesionales e información laboral, asesoramiento educativo sobre becas y orientación curricular, y apoyo sociopersonal para el desarrollo de la personalidad y las relaciones interpersonales. La mayoría de los consejeros utilizaron el asesoramiento presencial tradicional, con una participación limitada en el asesoramiento en línea debido a la infraestructura de internet poco fiable. Los consejeros utilizaron eficazmente diversas técnicas de asesoramiento y mantuvieron registros de las sesiones. Si bien los centros de orientación y asesoramiento funcionan satisfactoriamente, existen áreas de mejora, en particular la optimización de los servicios de orientación en línea y la implementación de sistemas estandarizados de registro digital. Las implicaciones para el gobierno de Ghana, las autoridades universitarias y las unidades de orientación y asesoramiento incluyen mejorar el acceso a internet, organizar seminarios vocacionales y educativos frecuentes e invertir en la formación de orientadores para apoyar el desarrollo académico y personal de estudiantes y profesorado.

Abstract

This study examined the functioning of guidance and counselling centres in public universities of Ghana, focusing on the services provided to students and teaching staff. A descriptive survey design was employed. Stratified random sampling was used to group the 15 public universities into three zones. The lottery method was used to select the universities in each zone. All counsellors (42) from the selected universities form the sample. Data was collected through a 57-item questionnaire, covering vocational, educational, and social/personal guidance, use of time, counselling tools, online counselling, and record-keeping practices. The major findings revealed that counsellors provided comprehensive support, including vocational guidance on career skills and job information, educational counselling on scholarships and curriculum guidance, and social/personal support for personality development and interpersonal relationships. Most counsellors utilised traditional face-to-face counselling, with limited engagement in online counselling due to unreliable internet infrastructure. Counsellors effectively used various counselling techniques and maintained records of sessions. While guidance and counselling centres are functioning well, there are areas for improvement, particularly in enhancing online counselling services and implementing standardised digital record-keeping systems. Implications for government of Ghana, university authorities, and guidance and counselling units include improving internet access, organising frequent vocational and educational seminars, and investing in counsellor training to support better students and teaching staff academic and personal development.

Palabras clave:

Centros de orientación y asesoramiento en funcionamiento; profesionales; educativos y socio-personales

Keywords:

Functioning guidance and counselling centres; vocational; educational and social/personal

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Sobre el autor:

Gabriel Amponsah Adu
ID de ORCID University of Baroda
India

Investigador asociado en el Departamento de Educación, Universidad MS de Baroda, India.

Sujata Srivastava
ID de ORCID University of Baroda
India

Prof. Departamento de Educación, Universidad MS de Baroda, India.


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